In connection with the increase in neurodegenerative and mental diseases and disorders in neuronal structures and pathways due to damage to vital systems, the processes of making contact and exchanging sensory and effector information at different nervous system organisation levels. The Department of Synaptic Signaling and Communications conducts research registering changes in the work of various regulatory mechanisms of synaptic and non-synaptic communications in the central and autonomic nervous systems. Neuromediatory and neuromodulatory interactions and the role of neuropeptides are analyzed in normal and in models of pathological conditions such as hypoxia/ischemia, oxidative stress, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, inflammatory processes, etc. Elucidating the etiopathogenesis of these socially significant diseases opens up opportunities for pharmacological interventions in their treatment. The localization of neurotransmitters in the brain, the tracing of pathways in the central nervous system, and the development and aging of brain structures are studied; expression of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic brain-gut axis transmitters, functional coordination of contractile activity in the distal gastrointestinal tract. Part of the research is related to studying endogenous biologically active peptides - the so-called "brain-gut" neuropeptides (vasoactive intestinal peptide, ghrelin, somatostatin, neurotensin, etc.). Their effects, mechanisms of action, protective and therapeutic role, and interactions with other neurotransmitter systems in normal and pathological conditions are studied.

  Period (2021-2023)